Uncommon earth components, like neodymium and dysprosium, are a essential part to nearly all fashionable applied sciences, from smartphones to laborious drives, however they’re notoriously laborious to separate from the Earth’s crust and from each other. Scientists have found a brand new mechanism by which micro organism can choose between totally different uncommon earth components, utilizing the flexibility of a bacterial protein to bind to a different unit of itself, or ‘dimerize,’ when it’s sure to sure uncommon earths, however favor to stay a single unit, or ‘monomer,’ when sure to others.